RESUMO
The article focuses on the pathogenetic mechanisms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is associated with psychological stress because of the coronavirus pandemic. The molecular mechanisms responsible for disease susceptibility in some individuals and stress resistance in others are amongst crucial research interests of experimental and clinical medicine. Priority data were obtained to indicate that distortions of synthesis and metabolism and, most significantly, a switch between two energy transport forms, glucose and lipids, underlie myocardial dysfunction in young and old stress-sensitive Wistar rats in a PTSD model. Histochemistry and polarization microscopy showed energy deficit in cardiomyocytes and signs of ischemic and hypoxic areas emerging in the myocardium as a result of an accumulation of NADH and NADPH, which initiate excessive production of reactive oxygen species.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos , Animais , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Doenças Cardiovasculares/metabolismo , Doenças Cardiovasculares/patologia , Miocárdio/patologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
For the first time in modeling posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we have described the morphofunctional state of adrenal glands in Wistar rats resistant and sensitive to predator stress (rodent fear of the predator). Despite the evident signs of adrenal dysfunction in both phenotypes, we have discovered the thickening of undifferentiated cell zone and high indices of functional activity of stem cells in resistant animals, suggesting ample adaptation. The most important data demonstrate the direct relationship between the reduction of corticosterone and testosterone levels and adrenal dysfunction in PTSD models. The study results allow considering the adrenal stem cells as potential therapeutic targets.
Assuntos
Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos , Animais , Corticosterona , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Estresse PsicológicoRESUMO
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2019;23(5):582-587 (in Russian) Page 587, in Acknowledgements instead of The animals and behavioral testing are supported by the budget project (No. 0324-2019-0041). The MRI study is supported by the budget project (No. 0259-2019-0004). All studies are implemented using the equipment of Center for Genetic Resources of Laboratory Animals at ICG SB RAS, supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia (Unique ID# of the project: RFMEFI62117X0015). should read The animals and behavioral testing are supported by the budget project (No. 0324-2019-0041). The MRI study is supported by the budget project (No. 0259-2019-0004). All studies are implemented using the equipment of Center for Genetic Resources of Laboratory Animals at ICG SB RAS, supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia (Unique ID# of the project: RFMEFI62117X0015). The study was conducted within the basic part of the state task of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (No. 17.7255.2017/8.9). The original article can be found under DOI 10.18699/VJ19.528.
RESUMO
Under conditions of periodic exposures to anxiogenic stress, intensification of LPO in the brain cortex is a glucocorticoid-dependent process. Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU38486 prevented increase in monoamine oxidase B activity and content of LPO products of in brain cortex typical of anxiogenic stress. Normalization of LPO intensity under the effect of glucocorticoid receptor antagonist was associated with the correction of stress-induced disturbances.
Assuntos
Ansiedade/metabolismo , Córtex Cerebral/efeitos dos fármacos , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Psicológico/metabolismo , Animais , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Córtex Cerebral/metabolismo , Mifepristona/farmacologia , Monoaminoxidase/metabolismo , Ratos , Restrição FísicaRESUMO
The study of HIV-infected patients using new five-color panel CytoDiff for flow cytofluorometry revealed the imbalance in subpopulations of leukocytes. The manifestations consisted in significant decrease of total amount of lymphocytes and also CD16+ lymphocytes. B-lymphocytes and eosinocytes with synchronous increase of level of CD16+ monocytes, neutrophils and immature B-lymphocytes. After application to patients of highly active anti-retroviral therapy occurred decrease of viral load under synchronous increase of total level of lymphocytes, CD16+ lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and also decrease of amount of CD16+ monocytes, neutrophils and immature B-lymphocytes.
Assuntos
Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Infecções por HIV , Leucócitos/metabolismo , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Kit de Reagentes para Diagnóstico , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade/métodos , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/sangue , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Contagem de Leucócitos/métodos , Leucócitos/virologia , Masculino , Carga ViralRESUMO
Daily (for 3 days) 1-hour immobilizations were followed by an increase in protein oxidative modification and leukocyte infiltration in the liver, and a decrease in monoamine oxidase B activity. Receptor antagonist of glucocorticoids RU38486 limited the stress-induced increase in protein carbonylation and decrease in monoamine oxidase B activity in the organ and enhanced leukocyte infiltration of the liver.
Assuntos
Antagonistas de Hormônios/farmacologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Mifepristona/farmacologia , Carbonilação Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Psicológico/metabolismo , Animais , Animais não Endogâmicos , Feminino , Glucocorticoides/antagonistas & inibidores , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/imunologia , Masculino , Monoaminoxidase/metabolismo , Ratos , Restrição Física , Estresse Psicológico/imunologiaRESUMO
We studied the correlation of the concentration of circulating corticosterone and parameters of dexamethasone suppression test with the level of protein carbonylation in the liver after short-term hypokinesia. Increasing hypokinesia duration was followed by worsening of disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system via a negative feedback mechanism and enhanced protein carbonylation in the liver.
Assuntos
Corticosterona/sangue , Hipocinesia/sangue , Fígado/metabolismo , Carbonilação Proteica , Animais , Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisário/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , RatosRESUMO
We studied the cell composition and free radical oxidation in the bone marrow of white outbred rats after hypokinetic stress (24 and 72 h) and the effects of exogenous glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide (2 mg/kg; injected 24 h after hypokinesia); the measurements were performed in 96 h after drug administration. The hypoplastic effect of the glucocorticoid after 24-h hypokinesia was observed against the background of reduced free radical oxidation. In animals subjected to 3-day hypokinesia, the resistance of the bone marrow to the hypoplastic effect of this drug was accompanied by activation of free radical processes.
Assuntos
Células da Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Estresse Fisiológico , Triancinolona Acetonida/farmacologia , Animais , Animais não Endogâmicos , Células da Medula Óssea/classificação , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Radicais Livres/metabolismo , Imobilização , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Carbonilação Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , RatosRESUMO
Repeated episodes of 1-h restraint stress were accompanied by a decrease in the sensitivity of blood leukocytes and cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases of the liver to recombinant IL-1ß. These changes are associated with the anti-inflammatory hepatoprotective effect of chronic stress.
Assuntos
Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/farmacologia , Leucócitos/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Animais , Feminino , Interleucina-1beta/administração & dosagem , Leucócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Ratos , Restrição Física , Estresse Fisiológico , Estresse PsicológicoRESUMO
The content of molecular LPO products increased in the liver of rats exposed to daily 1-h immobilization. IL-1ß receptor antagonist limited the stress-induced intensification of LPO.
Assuntos
Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Receptores Tipo I de Interleucina-1/antagonistas & inibidores , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiologia , Animais , Imobilização/fisiologia , Masculino , Ratos , Bases de Schiff/análiseRESUMO
Repeated stress led to antipodal directions in immune system and cytochrome P450 activities of normotensive and hypertensive rats. Enhancement of the Reaction of Delayed Hypersensitivity, suppression of cytochrome P450-mediated monooxigenase activities were observed in Wistar rats. On the contrary, in the NISAG decrease of the Reaction Delayed Hypersensitivity, elevation of cytochrome P450-mediated monooxigenase activities were observed, as comparison with Wistar rats.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade Tardia/imunologia , Hipertensão/imunologia , Oxigenases de Função Mista/imunologia , Estresse Fisiológico/imunologia , Animais , Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/imunologia , Hidrocarboneto de Aril Hidroxilases/metabolismo , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/imunologia , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/metabolismo , Citocromo P-450 CYP2B1/imunologia , Citocromo P-450 CYP2B1/metabolismo , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/enzimologia , Hipertensão/enzimologia , Oxigenases de Função Mista/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Esteroide Hidroxilases/imunologia , Esteroide Hidroxilases/metabolismo , Estresse Fisiológico/enzimologiaRESUMO
Lymphopenia preceded involution of the thymus during daily immobilization for 1 h. Hypoplasia of the thymus was associated with induction of apoptosis.
Assuntos
Apoptose , Linfopenia/etiologia , Estresse Psicológico/patologia , Timo/patologia , Animais , Ratos , Restrição Física , Estresse Psicológico/etiologiaRESUMO
4 episodes of immobilization stress (60 minutes, once 72 hours) led to diminution of hypoxia tolerance and anxiety-depressive disorders of behavior. The later shifts were associated with decrease of IL-4 concentration and simultaneous increase of IL-6 level in blood serum. The stress-induced behavioral shifts appeared to correlate with IL-4 concentration in blood of stress-sustained rats.
Assuntos
Ansiedade/etiologia , Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Hipóxia/etiologia , Interleucina-4/sangue , Anaerobiose , Animais , Ansiedade/sangue , Interleucina-4/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/sangue , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Ratos , Restrição Física , Estresse Psicológico/sangue , Estresse Psicológico/etiologiaRESUMO
The effect of triamcinolone acetonide (2 mg/kg) on the distribution of morphologically mature leukocytes in the blood system, the mononuclear liver infiltration, and the immune response was studied in rats under conditions of stress-induced hypoxia. Administered under these conditions, the drug produces a less pronounced effect on the content of circulating lymphocytes, the lymphoid cell number in the bone marrow, and the number of hepatocytes and monocytes/macrophages in the liver. However, the post-stressor immunodepressant effect of triamcinolone acetonide was increased and accompanied by the development of hepatic damage.